Red meat consumption, risk of incidence of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality, and the dose-response effect: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies.
Medeiros, Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de Ms a,b,*; Azevedo, Kesley Pablo Morais de Ms b; Mesquita, Gabriella Xavier Barbalho BS a; Lima, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha PhD a,c; Silva, David Franciole de Oliveira Ms b; Pimenta, Isac Davidson Santiago Fernandes BS b; Goncalves, Ana Katherine da Silveira PhD d; Lyra, Clelia de Oliveira PhD a,b; Piuvezam, Grasiela PhD b,e
[Article] Medicine. 98(38):e17271, September 2019.

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Background: Red and (particularly) processed meats are high in cholesterol and saturated and solid fatty acids. Their consumption is considered one of the risk factors for metabolic disorders. Numerous studies demonstrated a possible association between red meat consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this protocol, we propose a systematic review of the literature to examine the associations of red meat consumption with CVD incidence and mortality, and explore the potential dose-response relationship.

Methods: We will search MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, LILACS, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane (CENTRAL), WHOLIS, PAHO, and Embase. We will include prospective epidemiological studies (longitudinal cohort). Risk of bias will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Four independent researchers will conduct all evaluations. Disagreements will be referred to a fifth reviewer. We will summarize our findings using a narrative approach and tables to describe the characteristics of the included studies. The heterogeneity between trial results will be evaluated using a standard chi-squared test with P < .05. We will conduct the study in accordance with the guideline of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P).

Results: This review will evaluate the association between red meat consumption and incidence of CVD and mortality (primary outcome measures). The secondary outcome measure will include the dose-response effect.

Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review will summarize the latest evidence of the association between red meat consumption and incidence of CVD and mortality and the dose-response effect through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Registration: PROSPERO CRD42019100914.

Copyright (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.