Anaphylaxis in the community: Learning from the survivors.
Simons, Estelle F. R. MD, FRCPC, FAAAAI a; Clark, Sunday MPH, ScD b; Camargo, Carlos A. Jr. MD, DrPH, FAAAAI c
[Miscellaneous]
Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology.
124(2):301-306, August 2009.
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Background: Most studies of anaphylaxis in the community focus on persons at risk who might, or might not, have experienced anaphylaxis.
Objective: We sought to focus on survivors of anaphylaxis in the community and their experiences in using, or not using, an epinephrine autoinjector for first-aid treatment.
Methods: An e-mail survey was conducted. Responses were anonymous and could not be traced to any person or location. Anaphylaxis was defined as the most severe sudden-onset allergic reaction ever experienced by the participants or a person for whom they were responsible (eg, a child). There were 17 core multiple-choice questions for all participants, with 16 additional questions for users who injected epinephrine either into themselves or someone else, and 1 additional question for nonusers.
Results: Of the 1885 participants, 500 (27%) were epinephrine users, and 1385 (73%) were nonusers. The groups were similar with regard to multisystem organ involvement (82% vs 78%, P = .07) and many other aspects of anaphylaxis; however, epinephrine users were more likely (all P < .05) to report respiratory or shock symptoms; to report peanut, fish, or insect sting triggers; to be asthmatic; and to have taken or been given asthma medication on the day of the episode. Epinephrine users reported problems in deciding whether to give the injection, repeat the dose, and/or go to an emergency department. Nonusers reported not injecting epinephrine for various reasons, including use of an H1-antihistamine (38%), no prescription for epinephrine (28%), and/or a mild anaphylaxis episode (13%).
Conclusions: In a unique population composed of 1885 survivors of anaphylaxis in the community, users of epinephrine autoinjectors for first-aid treatment were outnumbered by nonusers. The insights reported by epinephrine users and the reasons why nonusers did not inject epinephrine are documented.
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