The Effects of Vitamin A Supplementation on the Morbidity of Children Born to HIV-Infected Women.
Coutsoudis, Anna PhD; Bobat, Raziya A. MBChB; Coovadia, Hoosen M. MD; Kuhn, Louise PhD; Tsai, Wei-Yann PhD; Stein, Zena A. MBChB
[Article]
American Journal of Public Health.
85(8):1076-1081, August 1995.
(Format: HTML)
Objective: The effects of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity of children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women were evaluated in a population where vitamin A deficiency is not endemic.
Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin A supplementation was carried out in 118 offspring of HIV-infected women in Durban, South Africa. Those assigned to receive a supplement were given 50 000 IU of vitamin A at 1 and 3 months of age; 100 000 IU at 6 and 9 months; and 200 000 IU at 12 and 15 months. Morbidity in the past month was then recalled at each follow-up visit. Analysis was based on 806 child-months.
Results: Among all children, the supplemented group had lower overall morbidity than the placebo group (OR = 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48, 0.99). Among the 85 children of known HIV status (28 infected, 57 uninfected), morbidity associated with diarrhea was significantly reduced in the supplemented infected children (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.27, 0.99), whereas no effect of supplementation on diarrheal morbidity was noted among the uninfected children.
Conclusion: In a population not generally vitamin A deficient, vitamin A supplementation for children of HIV-infected women appeared to be beneficial, reducing morbidity. The benefit was observed particularly for diarrhea among HIV-infected children. (Am J Public Health. 1995;85:1076-1081).
Copyright (C) 1995 by the American Public Health Association, Inc.
