Functional Dyspepsia Is Associated With a Greater Symptomatic Response to Fat But Not Carbohydrate, Increased Fasting and Postprandial CCK, and Diminished PYY.
Pilichiewicz, Amelia N. Ph.D. 1; Feltrin, Kate L. Ph.D. 1; Horowitz, Michael M.D., Ph.D. 1,3; Holtmann, Gerald Ph.D. 1,2; Wishart, Judith M. B.Sc.(Hons.) 1; Jones, Karen L. Ph.D. 1,3; Talley, Nicholas J. M.D., Ph.D. 4; Feinle-Bisset, Christine Ph.D. 1,3
[Article]
American Journal of Gastroenterology.
103(10):2613-2623, October 2008.
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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In patients with functional dyspepsia (FD), symptoms are frequently triggered, or exacerbated, by fatty foods. We hypothesized that in FD patients, a high-fat (high-FAT) meal would induce more symptoms than a high-carbohydrate (high-CHO) meal, associated with an altered secretion of cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide-YY (PYY), and ghrelin and an increased antral size, when compared to healthy subjects (HS).
METHODS: FD symptoms, appetite perceptions, plasma hormones, and antral area were measured in 8 FD patients and 8 HS on three separate days after the ingestion of high-CHO or high-FAT (500 kcal/400 g) meals, or a low-nutrient control (180 kcal/400 g); the energy intake was quantified 60 min later.
RESULTS: Nausea (P < 0.01) and pain (P= 0.05) were greater in FD after the high-FAT, when compared to high-CHO and control meals and in HS. Discomfort was greater after all meals in FD when compared to HS (P < 0.05). Fasting CCK and stimulation of CCK by the high-FAT (P < 0.01) meal were greater in FD, while fasting and postprandial PYY were lower (P < 0.001) in FD than in HS, with no differences in fasting, or postprandial, plasma ghrelin between FD and HS. Fasting antral area was greater in FD (P < 0.05), with no differences postprandially between FD and HS. There were no differences in the energy intake between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: In FD patients: (a) a high-FAT meal induces more symptoms than an isocaloric high-CHO meal, and (b) fasting and postprandial plasma CCK concentrations are greater and PYY concentrations are less. Our findings have important implications for the development of diet-based therapies for the treatment of FD.
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